Floppy Software' title='Floppy Software' />Atari ST Wikipedia. The Atari ST is a line of home computers from Atari Corporation and the successor to the Atari 8 bit family. The initial ST model, the 5. ST, saw limited release in April June 1. Offers drivers and software for Sony electronics. Boot Disk is a complete IT Technicians or IT Consultants data recovery package that includes powerful file recovery, data imaging, and secure data erasing set of. Sanmaxi-Floppy-Disk-Data-Recovery.jpg' alt='Floppy Software' title='Floppy Software' />July. The Atari ST is the first personal computer to come with a bitmapped color GUI,3 using a version of Digital Researchs GEM released in February 1. The 1. 04. 0ST, released in 1. RAM in the base configuration and also the first with a cost per kilobyte of less than US1. The Atari ST is part of a mid 1. Ki. B or more of RAM, and mouse controlled graphical user interfaces. It includes the Macintosh, Commodore Amiga, Apple IIGS, and, in certain markets, the Acorn Archimedes. ST officially stands for SixteenThirty two,6 which refers to the Motorola 6. The ST was sold with either Ataris color monitor or the less expensive monochrome monitor. The systems two color graphics modes are only available on the former while the highest resolution mode needs the monochrome monitor. In some markets, particularly Germany, the machine gained a strong foothold as a small business machine for CAD and desktop publishing work. Thanks to its built in MIDI ports, the ST enjoyed success for running music sequencer software and as a controller of musical instruments among both amateurs and well known musicians. The ST was superseded by the Atari STE, Atari TT, Atari MEGA STE, and Falcon computers. OriginseditThe Atari ST was born from the rivalry between home computer makers Atari, Inc. Commodore International. Amiga contracteditJay Miner, one of the original designers for the custom chips found in the Atari 2. Atari 8 bit family, tried to convince Atari management to create a new chipset for a video game console and computer. When his idea was rejected, Miner left Atari to form a small think tank called Hi Toro in 1. Lorraine chipset. The company, which was later renamed Amiga Corporation, was pretending to sell video game controllers to deceive competition while it developed a Lorraine based computer. Amiga ran out of capital to complete Lorraines development, and Atari, owned by Warner Communications, paid Amiga to continue development work. In return Atari received exclusive use of the Lorraine design for one year as a video game console. After one year Atari would have the right to add a keyboard and market the complete computer, designated the 1. XLD. As Atari was heavily involved with Disney at the time, it was later code named Mickey, and the 2. K memory expansion board was codenamed Minnie. Tramiel TechnologyeditAfter leaving Commodore International in January 1. Jack Tramiel formed Tramel Technology with his sons and other ex Commodore employees and, in April, began planning a new computer. The company initially considered the National Semiconductor. NS3. 20xx microprocessor but was disappointed with its performance. Floppy Software' title='Floppy Software' />The aim of this project is to replace the floppy disk drive by an electronic device emulating the floppy disk drive. Since the beginning of the project 2006. New boxes of 3. 5 DSDD and 5. DSDD and HD blank floppy disks still available The doublesided doubledensity disks DSDD are ideal for old computers such as old. A small free firewall router intended as a replacement for more costly commercial products. The name stands for FREE ciSCO. Introduction On this page you will find freeware programs created by Freebyte. Some programs also have a shareware edition offering extra features. The Disk II Floppy Disk Subsystem, often rendered as Disk, is a 5inch floppy disk drive designed by Steve Wozniak and manufactured by Apple Computer. LOGON_FREE_04.jpg' alt='Floppy Software' title='Floppy Software' />We provide a range of support for the ICL One Per Desk Computer. This started the move to the 6. The lead designer of the Atari ST was ex Commodore employee Shiraz Shivji, who had previously worked on the Commodore 6. Tramiel learned that Warner wanted to sell Atari which, in mid 1. Interested in Ataris overseas manufacturing and worldwide distribution network for his new computer, Tramiel negotiated with Warner in May and June 1. He secured funding and bought Ataris Consumer Division which included the console and home computer departments in July. As executives and engineers left Commodore to join Tramiels new Atari Corporation, Commodore responded by filing lawsuits against four former engineers for theft of trade secrets. The Tramiels did not purchase the employee contracts when they bought the assets of Atari Inc., so one of their first acts was to interview Atari Inc. This company was originally called TTL Tramiel Technologies Limited, later renamed to Atari Corp. At the time of the purchase of Atari Incs assets, there were roughly 9. After the interviews, approximately 1. We Were In Love Piano Sheet Pdf. Atari Corp. At one point a custom sound processor called AMY was a planned component for the new ST computer design, but the chip needed more time to complete, so AMY was dropped in favor of an off the shelf Yamaha sound chip. It was during this time in late Julyearly August that Leonard Tramiel discovered the original Amiga contract, which required Amiga Corporation to deliver the Lorraine chipset to Atari on June 3. Amiga Corp. had sought more monetary support from investors in spring 1. Tramel Technology, which wished to replace nearly everyone at Amiga. Commodore and AmigaeditHaving heard rumors that Tramiel was negotiating to buy Atari, Amiga Corp. Commodore. The discussions led to Commodore wanting to purchase Amiga Corporation outright, which Commodore believed would cancel any outstanding contracts, including Ataris. Instead of Amiga Corp. Lorraine to Atari, Commodore delivered a check of 5. Atari on Amigas behalf, in effect returning the funds Atari invested into Amiga for the chipset. Tramiel countersued Amiga Corp. August 1. 3, 1. 98. He sought damages and an injunction to bar Amiga and effectively Commodore from producing anything with its technology. Atkins Physical Chemistry 7Th Edition Google Books. At Commodore, the Amiga team was in limbo during the summer of 1. No word on the status of the chipset, the Lorraine computer, or the teams fate was known. In the fall of 1. Commodore informed the team that the Lorraine project was active again, the chipset was to be improved, the operating system OS developed, and the hardware design completed. While Commodore announced the Amiga 1. Lorraine chipset in July 1. Atari, with its many former Commodore engineers, time to deliver the first Atari ST units in June 1. In March 1. 98. 7, the two companies settled the dispute out of court in a closed decision. Operating systemeditWith the hardware design nearing completion, the Atari team started looking at solutions for the operating system. Soon after the Atari buyout, Microsoft approached Tramiel with the suggestion that they port Windows to the platform, but the delivery date was out by two years, far too long for their needs. Another possibility was Digital Research, who was working on a new GUI based system then known as Crystal, soon to become GEM. Another option was to write a new operating system in house, but this was rejected as Atari management was unsure whether the company had the required expertise to do so. Digital Research was fully committed to the Intel platform, so a team from Atari was sent to the Digital Research headquarters to work with the Monterey Team which comprised a mixture of Atari and Digital Research engineers. Ataris Leonard Tramiel was the Atari person overseeing Project Jason a. The Operating System for the Atari ST line of computers. The name came from the original designer and developer, Jason Loveman. GEM was based on CPM 6. K, essentially a direct port of CPM to the 6. By 1. 98. 5, CPM was becoming increasingly outdated it did not support sub directories, for example. Digital Research was also in the process of building a new DOS like operating system specifically for GEM, GEMDOS, and there was some discussion of whether or not a port of GEMDOS could be completed in time for product delivery in June. The decision was eventually taken to port it, resulting in a GEMDOS file system which became part of Atari TOS The Operating System and colloquially known as the Tramiel Operating System. Disk II Wikipedia. The Disk II Floppy Disk Subsystem, often rendered as Disk, is a 5 inch floppy disk drive designed by Steve Wozniak and manufactured by Apple Computer. It went on sale in June 1. US4. 95 for pre order it was later sold for 5. The Disk II was designed specifically for use with the Apple IIpersonal computer family to replace the slower cassette tape storage. These floppy drives cannot be used with any Macintosh computer without an Apple IIe Card as doing so will damage the drive or the controller. Apple produced at least six variants of the basic 5 inch Disk II concept over the course of the Apple II series lifetime The Disk II, the Disk III, the Duo. Disk, the Disk IIc, the Uni. Disk 5. 2. 5 and the Apple 5. Drive. While all of these drives look different and they use four different connector types, theyre all electronically extremely similar, can all use the same low level disk format, and are all interchangeable with the use of simple adapters, consisting of no more than two plugs and some wires between them. Most Duo. Disk drives, the Disk IIc, the Uni. Disk 5. 2. 5 and the Apple. Disk 5. 2. 5 even use the same 1. D Sub connector, so they are directly interchangeable. The only 5. 2. 5 drive Apple sold aside from the Disk II family was a 3. MFM unit made to allow Mac IIs and SEs to read PC floppy disks. This is not the case with Apples 3. HistoryeditDisk IIedit. A selection of Apple IIe software, intended to be read through the Disk II system. Apple did not originally offer a disk drive for the Apple II, which used data cassette storage like other microcomputers of the time. Apple executive Mike Markkula asked cofounder Steve Wozniak to design a drive system for the computer after finding that a checkbook balancing program Markkula had written took too long to load from tape. Wozniak knew nothing about disk controllers, but while at Hewlett Packard had designed a simple, five chip circuit to operate a Shugart Associates drive. Wozniak began studying existing floppy controllers, including North Star and IBM models. Standard floppy controller boards were large devices that used dozens of TTL chips. In addition to being expensive, they were also much too big to fit into the Apple IIs small case. Initially, Wozniak attempted to develop an FM type controller with a smaller chip count and by making improvements to the FM encoding scheme, he was able to squeeze out 1. However, he soon decided he could do even better and switched to another, completely different 5 and 3 encoding method known as GCR Group Coded Recording which was a modified version of recording schemes used on tape storage. This allowed still more storage, up to 1. Wozniak called the resultant Disk II system my most incredible experience at Apple and the finest job I did, and credited it and Visi. Calc with the Apple IIs success. The Disk II was very successful for Apple, being the cheapest floppy disk system ever sold up to that point and immensely profitable for the company, in addition to having nearly 2. FM drives. For a while, the only direct competitor in the microcomputer industry was the TRS 8. Model I, which had used only standard FM storage for 8. Both the Atari 8 bit and Commodore 6. Disk IIs 1. 5K bytes per second, seriously affecting their ability to compete in the business market. However, the advantage of Wozniaks design was somewhat nullified when the cost of double density MFM controllers dropped only a year after the Disk IIs introduction. The Apple IIs lack of a disk drive was a glaring weakness in what was otherwise intended to be a polished, professional product. Speaking later, Osborne 1 designer Lee Felsenstein stated, The difference between cassette and disk systems was the difference between hobbyist devices and a computer. You couldnt have expected, say, Visi. Calc, to run on a cassette system. Recognizing that the II needed a disk drive to be taken seriously, Apple set out to develop a disk drive and a DOS to run it. Wozniak spent the 1. Christmas holidays adapting his controller design, which reduced the number of chips used by a factor of 1. Still lacking a DOS, and with Wozniak inexperienced in operating system design, Steve Jobs approached Shepardson Microsystems with the project. On April 1. 0, 1. Apple signed a contract for 1. Sheperdson to develop the DOS. The initial Disk II drives A2. M0. 00. 3 were modifications of the Shugart SA 4. Apple purchased only the bare drive mechanisms without the standard SA 4. Wozniaks board design, and then stamped the Apple rainbow logo onto the faceplate. Early production at Apple was handled by two people, and they assembled 3. By 1. 98. 2, Apple switched to Alps drives for cost reasons. Shortly after the disk drive project began in late 1. Steve Jobs made several trips to Shugarts offices announcing that he wanted a disk drive that would cost just 1. After Wozniak finished studying IBM disk controller designs, Jobs then demanded that Shugart sell them a stripped disk drive that had no controller board, index sensor, load solenoids, or track zero sensor. Although puzzled by this request, Shugart complied and provided Apple with 2. Apple II. The prototypes received the designation of SA 3. Steve Wozniak found out that some of the SA 3. Backtrack 4 Tutorial Wep Cracker here. Fellow engineer Cliff Huston came up with several procedures for adjusting the drives on the assembly line. When Apple sent an order into Shugart for more SA 3. Shugart engineer admitted that the disk drive manufacturer had been scamming Apple and that the SA 3. SA 4. 00s that failed to pass factory inspection. The idea was that Apple couldnt get the drives to work and would be forced to go back and purchase more expensive SA 4. Normal storage capacity per disk side was 1. Ki. B with Apple DOS 3. Ki. B with DOS 3. Apple II operating systems, and the accompanying ROM update for the controller card 1. The 1. 6 sector upgrade was introduced in 1. GCR code called 6 and 2 encoding. Neither the drive itself nor the physical bit density was changed. Since the Disk II controller was completely software operated, the user had total control over the encoding and format so long as it was within the physical limits of the drive mechanism and media. Microsoft introduced a CPM card for the Apple II in 1. CPM formatted floppy disks including Osborne, Kaypro, and Morrow despite them using FMMFM instead of the Apples standard GCR format. This also allowed software companies to use all sorts of ingenious copy protection schemes. The Shugart SA 4. Disk II was adapted from was a single sided, 3. However, it was common for users to manually flip the disk to utilize the opposite side, after cutting a second notch on the diskettes protective shell to allow write access. Most commercial software using more than one disk side was shipped on such flippy disks as well. Only one side could be accessed at once, but it did essentially double the capacity of each floppy diskette, an important consideration especially in the early years when media was still quite expensive. In the Disk II, the full height drive mechanism shipped inside a beige painted metal case and connected to the controller card via a 2. Apples mainboard.